Sky & stars · السماء والنجوم
Dawn and dusk, moon and stars, wind and cloud, and the star names the world took from Arabic.
الفجرُ والغسق، والقمرُ والنجوم، والريحُ والسحاب، وأسماءُ نجومٍ أخذها العالمُ عن العربية.
- نُور (nūr) — light
- ضِيَاء (ḍiyāʾ) — radiance, brilliance
- شَفَق (shafaq) — the red glow of twilight after sunset
- غَسَق (ghasaq) — dusk; the first darkness of night
- فَجْر (fajr) — dawn
- سَحَر (saḥar) — the last hour of night, just before dawn
- ضُحًى (ḍuḥā) — the bright late morning, when the sun is well risen
- هِلَال (hilāl) — crescent moon
- بَدْر (badr) — full moon
- نَجْم (najm) — star
- ثُرَيَّا (thurayyā) — the Pleiades
- مَجَرَّة (majarrah) — galaxy
- سَمَاء (samāʾ) — sky, heavens
- لَيْل (layl) — night
- مَطَر (maṭar) — rain
- غَيْث (ghayth) — rain that ends a drought; relief-bringing rain
- دِيمَة (dīmah) — a gentle, steady, lasting rain
- نَدًى (nadā) — dew
- نَسِيم (nasīm) — breeze
- صَبَا (ṣabā) — the east wind — the soft morning breeze beloved of poets
- إِعْصَار (iʿṣār) — hurricane, whirlwind
- سَحَاب (saḥāb) — clouds
- ضَبَاب (ḍabāb) — fog, mist
- بَرْق (barq) — lightning
- رَعْد (raʿd) — thunder
- قَوْس قُزَح (qaws quzaḥ) — rainbow
- سَمْت الرَّأْس (samt al raʾs) — the zenith, the point of the sky directly overhead
- نَظِير (naẓīr) — equal, counterpart
- مَوْسِم (mawsim) — season
- الدَّبَرَان (al dabarān) — Aldebaran, the red eye of Taurus (literally, the follower)
- طَائِر (ṭāʾir) — bird
- النَّسْر الوَاقِع (al nasr al wāqiʿ) — Vega (literally, the swooping eagle)
- ذَنَب (dhanab) — tail
- رِجْل (rijl) — foot, leg
- يَد الجَوْزَاء (yad al jawzāʾ) — Betelgeuse (literally, the hand of al-Jawzāʾ)
- فَم الحُوت (fam al ḥūt) — Fomalhaut (literally, the mouth of the fish)
- رَأْس الغُول (raʾs al ghūl) — Algol (literally, the demon’s head)
- آخِر النَّهْر (ākhir al nahr) — Achernar (literally, the river’s end)
- نِظَام (niẓām) — system; order
- نِطَاق (niṭāq) — belt, girdle
- مِنْطَقَة (minṭaqah) — region, zone
- فَرْد (fard) — one, single
- شَوْلَة (shawlah) — the scorpion’s raised tail and sting
- ثُعْبَان (thuʿbān) — serpent, large snake
- قَائِد (qāʾid) — leader, commander
- دُبّ (dubb) — bear
- سُهَيْل (suhayl) — Canopus, the great star of the southern sky
- الشِّعْرَى (al shiʿrā) — Sirius, the brightest star of the night sky
- جَدْي (jady) — kid, young goat
- سُرَّة الفَرَس (surrat al faras) — Alpheratz (literally, the horse’s navel)
- الجَوْزَاء (al jawzāʾ) — Orion; in later astronomy, Gemini
- سَمُوم (samūm) — a scorching, dusty desert wind
- عَقْرَب (ʿaqrab) — scorpion
- هَجِير (hajīr) — the fierce heat of midday
- مَلَّاح (mallāḥ) — sailor, mariner
- نَوْرَس (nawras) — seagull
- رَذَاذ (radhādh) — drizzle; fine spray
- مَطْلَع (maṭlaʿ) — the opening line of a poem
- صَفَاء (ṣafāʾ) — clarity, purity
- أُفُق (ufuq) — horizon
- شَمْس (shams) — sun
- قَمَر (qamar) — moon
- كَوْكَب (kawkab) — planet
- شِهَاب (shihāb) — shooting star, meteor
- ثَلْج (thalj) — snow
- بَرَد (barad) — hail